Dripping tap: cartridge vs washer (what to check first)
Quick summary
First identify the tap type: quarter/half-turn taps are usually ceramic cartridges; multi-turn taps are often compression washers. Parts depend on this.
Safety first
- If you plan to touch pipework, isolate the water first (local isolation valves or stopcock).
- If the tap is seized/corroded, forcing it can crack the body or snap fixings.
- If you can’t isolate water confidently, stop and get help.
Full checklist: Safety guidance
What to check (in order)
- Check handle movement: quarter/half-turn (ceramic cartridge) vs many turns (compression).
- Identify where it leaks: from spout (internal seal) vs around handle/base (O-rings/gland).
- Find local isolation valves under the sink/basin (small valves on the pipes).
- If it’s a ceramic tap: note the brand/model if visible; cartridges vary.
- If it’s compression: note whether it’s hot/cold side and if the drip stops when you slightly open/close (seal seating clue).
- Take photos and measurements before ordering parts (cartridge length/diameter, spline/handle type).
What the result means
- Spout drip on ceramic tap: cartridge wear or debris; cartridge replacement often needed.
- Spout drip on compression tap: washer/seat issue; seat may be damaged on older taps.
- Leak at handle/base: O-rings/gland/seals, not the washer/cartridge itself.
What you can safely do
- Check whether the tap is quarter-turn or multi-turn, as that hints at cartridge versus washer.
- Isolate the water supply before dismantling anything.
- Note whether the drip happens from the spout, base, or handles.
- Take clear photos of the tap before removing parts.
When to call a professional
- No isolation valves and stopcock is inaccessible/stuck.
- Tap is seized/corroded or leaks worsen when disturbed.
- You’re unsure about identifying parts or reassembly.
Engineer notes
Cartridge ID is the job: photos of splines, stem length, and body diameter. For compression taps, assess seat condition; reseating tools may be appropriate. Base leaks often resolve with correct O-ring sizing and lubrication. Watch mixed-metal corrosion on older fittings.
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